Lymph node dissection is one of the key points of surgical interventions in oncogynecology. Phenomena of lymphorrhea of various degrees of severity occur in the vast majority of cases after treatment with removal of lymph nodes. The following types of pathological leakage from the lymphatic channel are distinguished: lymphatic ascites, lymphocele, lymphorrhea, lymphatic fistula, as well as special forms of lymphatic leakage: chylous ascites, chylorrhea, chylothorax, etc. The following complications of lymph flow are important in the clinic: dehydration, nutritional deficiency, immunological dysfunction, increased risk of infection, compression of vital structures in case of chylous ascites, lymphocele, and chylothorax. Diagnosis of postoperative lymphorrhea includes assessment of clinical symptoms, as well as additional research methods such as oral test with contrast, CT, lymphangiography, lymphoscintigraphy, laboratory examination of drainage contents and diagnostic paracentesis. There are conservative and surgical approaches in the treatment of postoperative lymphorrhea. Thus, primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention of lymphorrhea should include a set of measures in preoperative preparation, during surgery, and in the postoperative period, such as control of chronic diseases and improvement of protein status, minimization of tissue trauma and wound drainage, control of the lymphorrhea volume, and control of water-electrolyte balance. Effective prevention of lymphorrhea requires a multidisciplinary approach with the participation of surgeons, oncologists and rehabilitation specialists.